What is VIP?
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) is a 28-amino acid neuropeptide that was originally isolated from porcine intestinal tissue in 1970. Despite its name, VIP has since been found to have wide-ranging biological activity far beyond the gut. It is expressed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system, the immune system, and multiple organ systems. VIP is one of the most versatile signaling peptides studied in modern biomedical research.
Mechanism of Action
VIP exerts its effects primarily through two G-protein coupled receptors: VPAC1 and VPAC2. Binding to these receptors activates adenylyl cyclase, increasing intracellular cAMP levels and triggering downstream signaling cascades. VPAC1 is widely distributed across immune cells, lung tissue, and the liver, while VPAC2 is concentrated in the central nervous system, smooth muscle, and the gastrointestinal tract. This dual receptor system gives VIP its broad spectrum of biological activity across immune modulation, vasodilation, and neuroprotection.
Research Applications
VIP is studied across a remarkably broad range of research areas. These include anti-inflammatory and immune regulation research, where VIP has been shown to shift immune responses from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory profiles. In neuroscience, VIP is studied for its neuroprotective effects and its role in circadian rhythm regulation within the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Gastrointestinal research examines VIP’s role in gut motility, secretion, and blood flow. Additional research areas include pulmonary function, cardiovascular regulation, and metabolic signaling.
Product Details
Storage
Store lyophilised vials in a cool, dry place away from light. Once reconstituted with bacteriostatic water, refrigerate at 2-8°C and use within 3-4 weeks. See our reconstitution guide for detailed instructions.
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